科学研究:谁说女生数学不如男生?

|一年级数学   |

【www.lfbaililian.com--一年级数学】

中文版

Just as boys tend to gravitate to toy trucks and girls usually prefer dolls, the gender differences in math performance have more to do with culture than aptitude. That"s according to a new review of relevant studies.

Such findings challenge the century-old idea that males are innately more capable than girls in mathematics. More recently, the gender bias showed up in the 1990s when Mattel introduced a Barbie doll that said, "Math is hard." And in 2005, Lawrence Summers, then president of Harvard University and current economic adviser to President Barack Obama, brought the debate into the spotlight again. While speaking at an event, Summers stated that males are intrinsically smarter than females in science and engineering. Summers" comments in 2005 inspired Janet Hyde, a University of Wisconsin-Madison professor of psychology, to complete the current study.

Hyde and Janet Mertz, a UW-Madison professor of oncology, analyzed studies from around the world on math performance along with gender inequality as measured by the World Economic Forum"s Gender Gap Index. This index measures the gap between men and women in economic opportunity, educational attainment and other socioeconomic factors.

The researchers knew that if guys were born with math on the brain, so to speak, the gender difference in mathematical ability should be somewhat universal. But some countries showed a larger gap than others. Countries with low gender equality showed a greater gender gap in math. For example, India and Iran ranked low on gender equality and low on the percent of females scoring high in the International Mathematical Olympiad.

In the United States, which scored relatively high for gender equality, girls perform on average as well as boys on standardized math tests. Girls in the United States are now taking calculus in high school at the same rate as boys, and the percentage of U.S. doctorates in the mathematical sciences awarded to women has climbed to 30 percent in the 21st century, up from 5 percent in the 1950s.

However, more boys than girls are identified at the upper rungs of the mathematically gifted in the United States. The researchers say this gap is narrowing.

Summers suggested that guys inherently show more variability than gals in math ability, resulting in some guys with soaring math skills. The variability, he pointed out, could account for the greater number of males with award-worthy math skills. (No woman to date has won a Fields Medal, the Nobel Prize of mathematics.) 更多信息请访问:http://www.24en.com/

But the study results showed that girls" math scores are just as variable as boys" in some countries and some ethnic groups in the United States such as Asian Americans. While many scientists are beginning to recognize boys are not innately math whizzes compared with girls, Hyde said, some people might be surprised at the new findings.

"There"s a gender stereotype that boys are better at math than girls are, and stereotypes die very hard," Hyde told LiveScience. "Teachers and parents still believe that boys are better at math than girls are."

The researchers provide several possible cultural factors keeping females from excelling in math, including classroom dynamics in which teachers pay more attention to boys, while even mathematically gifted girls are not nurtured. In addition, stereotypes may drive guidance counselors and others to discourage girls from taking engineering courses. In some regions, where women role models in math-intensive careers are scarce, the girls themselves may steer clear of such a path.

 

本文来源:http://www.lfbaililian.com/shuxue/29064.html

《科学研究:谁说女生数学不如男生?.doc》
将本文的Word文档下载到电脑,方便收藏和打印
推荐度:
点击下载文档

文档为doc格式

    热门推荐
    • 人教版九年级上册数学第113页练习答案

      05w cc免费提供各类练习与测试答案,请牢记零五网网址:05W CC1 解:不一定 2 解:由l=nπR 180,可知R=180l nπ=(180 ×12) 81π≈8 5(m) 3 解:S△ABC=1 2a√(a^2-〖(a 2)〗^2 )=数学课本答案 -人教版数学书答案

    • 人教版九年级上册数学第59页练习答案

      05w免费提供各类练习与测试答案,请牢记零五网网址:05W CC1 解:教室里的电扇接通电源之后,会旋转;汽车开动后车轮也会旋转 如图8所示 这个图形的旋转中心是O点,最小的旋转角度是60 2 解:从上午6时到上午9时,时针共旋转15小格,1格6,从而旋转的角度为90 从上午9时数学课本答案 -人教版数学书答案

    • 人教版九年级上册数学第95页练习答案

      零五网免费提供各类练习与测试答案,请牢记零五网网址:05W CC1 解:如图47所示,阴影部分即为所求(包括边界) 2 解:小明投出的铅球落在6m~7m区域,小丽投出的铅球落在5m~6m区域 3 解:使点A,点B落在圆上,那么CD一定经过圆心,连续作两次,使数学课本答案 -人教版数学书答案

    • 人教版九年级上册数学第66页练习答案

      05答案网免费提供各类练习与测试答案,请牢记零五网网址:05W CC1 解:找特殊点关于点O对称的点,并按原图形状连线即可,如图24所示 2 解:如图25所示,O为两个四边形的对称中心 数学课本答案 -人教版数学书答案

    • 人教版九年级上册数学第138页练习答案

      05w免费提供各类练习与测试答案,请牢记零五网网址:05W CC1 解:所能产生的全部结果列举如下:红红,红绿,绿红,绿绿 所有的结果共4个,并且这4个结果出现的可能性相等 (1)P(第一次摸到红球,第二次摸到绿球)=1 4 (2)P(两次都摸到相同颜色的小球)=2 4=1 2 (3)P(两次摸数学课本答案 -人教版数学书答案

    • 人教版九年级上册数学第81页练习答案

      05网免费提供各类练习与测试答案,请牢记零五网网址:05W CC1 解:找两个人,一人拿一根5m长的绳子的一端,站定一个位置,当做圆的圆心,另一个人拉紧绳子,拿着绳子的另一端,绕着圆心走一圈并画出走的路线即可 2 解:(23 2) 20=23 2×1 20=0 575(c数学课本答案 -人教版数学书答案

    • 人教版九年级上册数学第88页练习答案

      05网免费提供各类练习与测试答案,请牢记零五网网址:05W CC1 解:图(3)中的角是圆周角 2 解:∠1=∠4,,2=∠7,,3=∠6,∠5=∠8 同弧所对的圆周角相等 3 证明:∵∠AOB=2∠BO数学课本答案 -人教版数学书答案

    • 人教版九年级上册数学第129页练习答案

      05网免费提供各类练习与测试答案,请牢记零五网网址:05W CC1 解:P(落在海洋里)=7 10,P(落在陆地上)=3 10 ∵7 10>3 10,∴“落在海洋里”的可能性更大 2 解:(1)不能 (2)黑桃 (3)能,拿走一张黑桃或再加一张红桃 3 数学课本答案 -人教版数学书答案